青云翻译

Design of integral abutment bridges, the abutments, piles, the role of slab joint force characteristics of more complex, yet unified design standards, is still at the exploratory stage

In design of integral abutment bridges, abutments and piles, stress characteristics when more complex interaction between slab, there are no uniform design standards, is still in the exploration phase

In the integral-type abutment bridge design, the abutment, the pile, builds the board affects together when the stress characteristic quite to be complex, at present does not have the unification the design standard, still was at the exploration stage

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In design of integral abutment bridges, abutments and piles, stress characteristics when more complex interaction between slab, there are no uniform design standards, is still in the exploration phase