0 8562 8570 8576 8580 8586 8588 8592 8598 8600 8606 8612 8616 8618 8622 8628 8630 8636 8640 8642 8646 8648 8652 8654 8656 8657 8658 8660 8661 8662 8664 8666 8670 8672 8676 8678 8682 8688 8690 8696 8700 8702 8706 8712 8718 8720 8726 8730 8732 8738 8742 8748 8756 11751 ef?ciency (SE) of a DMU is obtained as the ratio of its technical ef?ciency (TE, assuming CRS) to its pure technical ef?ciency (PTE, assuming VRS). The nature of returns to scale has been widely studied in DEA and three main methods for its estimation have been proposed. The ?rst method, proposed by Banker et al3 is based on the sign of the dual variable (w0), or shadow price, of the convexity constraint on the VRS model. The second method, proposed by Banker4 is based on summing the optimal values of the multipliers lj on a CRS model. Both methods assume unique optimal solutions to the DEA models. Banker and Thrall5 generalised these methods to deal with multiple optimal solutions. These methods require either the estimation of all alternative values of w0 (on the primal VRS model) or the sum of lj in all alternative optimal solutions (on the dual CRS model). Banker et al6 and Banker et al7 proposed simpli?ed methods for testing the type of returns to scale, which avoid determining all alternative optimal solutions to the primal and dual models, respectively. The third method, proposed by Fare et al8 requires solving three DEA models with CRS, VRS and non-increasing returns to scale (NIRS). For scale inef?cient DMUs, the nature of returns to scale can be obtained by comparing the ef?ciency measure derived from a NIRS technology and a VRS technology. This method is not affected by the existence of multiple optimal solutions. Banker et al7 prove the equivalence of all methods. This study is based on the second method for the analysis of all issues related to branches' returns to scale. Review of bank branch ef?ciency During the late 1980s and particularly in the 1990s, the DEA method has been used extensively to evaluate banking institutions. However, only a few studies focused on the analysis of bank branches within the same ?nancial institution. Published applications of DEA to bank branches are summarised in table format in the Appendix 1. This table contains information about the authors and year of publication, the inputs and outputs, the orientation and ef?ciency measure computed, the methods used and the country and sample size. For a comprehensive review of ef?ciency in ?nancial institutions see Berger and Humphrey.9 This study extends the literature on bank branches' ef?ciency by considering how DEA can complement conventional ?nancial approaches to performance assessment, such as pro?tability. Also, it provides a detailed analysis of the impact of scale size on banking business. Despite being well documented at the bank level, there is only a limited number of studies focusing on branches' optimal scale size. The relation between ef?ciency and pro?ts was ?rst analysed by Oral and Yolalan10 and Oral et al.11 They de?ned two DEA models for analysing both ef?ciency and pro?tability. The pro?tability model consisted of a disagregation of expenses and income, which were considered as inputs and outputs, respectively. However, the implications of using this model instead of a usual pro?tability measure such as pro?tability ratio were not discussed. Drake and Howcroft12 correlated the DEA technical ef?ciency score with cost-income ratios. The results indicated that more ef?cient branches had lower cost-income ratios. The study by Schaffnit et al13 also concluded that the branch's ef?- ciency has a very clear positive effect on pro?t. 不要这么客气，我会脸红的。 I stand in front of you,yet you don't know that i love you To produce regular business forecasts of performance specific information System BIOS Version We well have a relaxing vacation 未来的求学之路也将非常顺利 我们只能做好自己应该做的事 lord_question_duel:duel_accept FABRICATED FROM 3 OR 4 PLATE SEGMENTS 因为一个人爱上一座城 systemic administration Already didn’t matter 我的父亲是一个演员 after parking stores are best small-molecule 与大自然斗争的需要 MAXTOR STM3160811AS duel_choose_mount| どうして...君を好きになってしまったんだろう？ 开拓了眼界，丰富 了地理、文史和风俗民情等知识，提高了对生活的要求 所有的人都是我的朋友 At least four years sales experience with established client base 没有你的日子里 duel_choose_mount:duel_weap_mounted|I would like to duel mounted 你认为十年后你的朋友会做什么职业？ 护照号 chute Cryin Luxury. 永远爱你海霞 System BIOS 在云南省西部 我对不起，请解除屏蔽！ 我们学习的目的，是为了使用，不是知识没有用，而是你没有使用，说明你没有用。 pain tore heart crack lung , skill and authority voy a NC17 Riyousuosi night had a dream
